Immunohistochemistry & Chromogenic in situ Hybridization Stain Menu

Immunohistochemistry & Chromogenic in situ Hybridization Stain Menu

Review Cleveland Clinic’s Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) Menu below.

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Last updated February 2024.

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Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Stains

Specimen Requirements

  • A formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue block, or
  • 2-3 positively charged unstained slides (4-5 microns)
wdt_ID wdt_created_by wdt_created_at wdt_last_edited_by wdt_last_edited_at TEST (CLONE, P - polyclonal) SYNONYMS CPT CODE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
2121 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM 2SC (CRB239) S-(2-succinyl)-cysteine 88342 Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) syndrome is an autosomal disorder caused by germline mutation in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene on chromosome 1q43. HLRCC associated RCC is often aggressive with metastatic disease in 50% of pat
2122 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM ACTH (P) Adrenocorticotropic hormone 88342 CTH or Adrenocorticotropic hormone is synthesized from pre-pro-opiomelanocortin (pre-POMC). ACTH is produced and secreted from corticotrophs in the anterior lobe (or adenohypophysis) of the pituitary gland. The anti-ACTH immunohistochemical reagent could
2123 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Actin (Alpha SM) (1A-4) SMA, Smooth Muscle Actin 88342 Smooth muscle actin, mouse monoclonal 1A4, labels smooth muscle cells, myofibroblasts, and myoepithelial cells, and is a useful tool for the identification of leiomyomas, leiomyosarcomas, and pleomorphic adenomas. Cytoplasmic actins, which belong to the m
2124 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Actin (HHF35) Muscle Specific Actin 88342 Muscle specific actin (MSA), a highly conserved, ubiquitous cytoskeletal protein of muscle and nonmuscle cells, exists in three isotypes (α, β, γ) that differ by their amino acid sequences and isoelectric points. Actin does not react with the α-actin of n
2125 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Adenovirus (20/11 & 2/6) none known 88342 Adenoviruses are medium-sized (90-100 nm), non-enveloped icosohedral viruses with double-stranded DNA. More than 50 types of immunologically distinct adenoviruses can cause infections in humans. Adenoviruses are relatively resistant to common disinfectant
2126 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM ADH5 CK5/14 + p63 + CK7/18 88344 The ADH5 (CK5/14 + p63 + CK7/18) cocktail is comprised of mouse monoclonal anti-CK5, anti-CK14, and anti-p63 antibodies and rabbit monoclonal anti-CK7 and anti-CK18 antibodies. CK5 and CK14 are high molecular weight keratins expressed in the cytoplasm of
2127 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Adipophilin (BSB-91) PLIN2, Perilipin 2, ADRP 88342 Adipophilin (also known as PLIN2) detects expression of adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADRP/ADFP) in sebocytes and sebaceous lesions. Adipophilin is a useful marker in the identification of intracytoplasmic lipids, seen commonly in sebaceous
2128 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM AE1 & 3 (AE1/3) Pankeratin, Cytokeratin AE1/AE3 88342 Keratins are a group of water-insoluble proteins that form monofilaments, a class of intermediate filament. These filaments form part of the cytoskeletal complex in epidermis and in most other epithelial tissues. Nineteen human epithelial keratins are res
2129 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM AFP (P) Alpha-fetoprotein 88342 Positive results may aid in the identification of non-neoplastic and neoplastic liver disease, yolk sac tumors and mixed germ cell tumors. AFP is a 70 kDa glycoprotein containing 590 amino acid residues. Cells of the embryonic yolk sac, fetal liver, and f
2130 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM ALK (D5F3) Anaplastic lymphoma kinase, ALK Protein, CD246 88342 Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a tyrosine kinase receptor for pleiotrophin (PTN), a growth factor involved in embryonic brain development. In ALK-expressing cells, PTN induces phosphorylation of both ALK and the downstream effectors IRS-1, Shc, PLCÎł,
2131 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM ALK-1 (ALK-1) Anaplastic lymphoma kinase, ALK Protein, CD246 88342 The antibody labels normal human ALK protein and the NPM-ALK chimeric protein, and is a useful tool for the identification of the subgroup of anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (ALCL) that are ALK positive. The wild-type anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) pro
2132 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM AMACR (SP116) Racemase, p504S 88342 AMACR (p504s) is normally negative or only very faintly expressed in normal glands of the prostate. In contrast, 80% or more of invasive adenocarcinomas show luminal cytoplasmic expression of p504S (AMACR). Immunohistochemistry for AMACR therefore assis
2133 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM AMYLOID KAPPA (P) Kappa Free Light Chains 88342 Immunoglobulins are composed of four protein chains: two light chains (either kappa or lambda light chains), and two heavy chains, of which there are several types. These proteins are produced by the plasma cells in the bone marrow.  In AL patients, these
2134 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM AMYLOID LAMBDA (P) Lambda Free Light Chains 88342 Immunoglobulins are composed of four protein chains: two light chains (either kappa or lambda light chains), and two heavy chains, of which there are several types. These proteins are produced by the plasma cells in the bone marrow.  In AL patients, these
2135 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Androgen Receptor (AR441) AR, NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4) 88342 Androgen receptor is an intracellular protein that mediates the biological actions of physiological androgens such as testosterone and 5 α-dihydrotestosterone, which are essential for differentiation, development, and maintenance of the male reproductive
2136 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Annexin A1 (MRQ-3) ANXA1 88342 Annexin A1 is a monomeric, amphipathic protein containing 346 amino acids, originally purified from the peritoneal lavage of rats treated with glucocorticoids. This protein is expressed in multiple types of cells. In neutrophils and mast cells Annexin A
2137 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM ARID1A (EP303) AT-Rich Interaction Domain 1A, BAF250 88342 The AT-Rich Interaction Domain 1A (ARID1A) is a crucial component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, playing a pivotal role in the regulation of gene expression. Aberrations in ARID1A expression have been documented in various malignancies, part
2138 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Arginase-1 (SP156) ARG-1 88342 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver accounting for an estimated 70-85% of total liver cancers worldwide. The incidence is increasing in the West due to the burden of chronic hepatitis C infection &steatoh
2139 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM ATRX (P) Alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked gene, XH2, XNP 88342 Alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) gene is mutated in high grade astrocytomas, as opposed to oligodendrogliomas, oligoastrocytomas and glioblastomas. This phenotype characterized by loss of function of ATRX has been called alternative l
2140 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM B72.3 (TAG-72) (B72.3) TAG-72, Tumor associated glycoprotein 72 88342 Tumor associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 is a high molecular weight glycoprotein that is present on the surface of many neoplastic cells, including adenocarcinomas of the breast, colon, and lung. TAG-72 is found in lung adenocarcinoma and is absent in mesot
2141 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM BAP1 (C4) BRCA1-Associated Protein 1, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase BAP1, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase like-2 (UCHL2) 88342 BRCA-1 gene and BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) are expressed in most tissues.5 BAP1 functions as a deubiquitinase. By removing ubiquitin, BAP1 helps regulate the function of many proteins involved in diverse cellular processes. The BAP1 protein is thou
2142 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM BCL-2 (124) B cell lymphoma 2 88342 The assessment of bcl-2 expression by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining is useful in the assessment of hematologic neoplasms including follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphomas. Anti-BCL2 has shown consistent negative rea
2143 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM BCL2 EP36 (EP36) B cell lymphoma 2 88342 The Bcl-2 family of proteins regulates apoptosis by controlling mitochondrial permeability and release of cytochrome c. Bcl-2 is an anti-apoptotic protein that resides in the outer mitochondrial wall and inhibits release of cytochrome c. Over-expression o
2144 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM BCL-6 (LN22) B cell lymphoma 6 protein 88342 BCL6 is a transcriptional regulator gene which codes for a 706-amino-acid nuclear zinc finger protein. In normal tissue these antibodies have strong nuclear staining for a subset of B-lymphocytes, mostly located in germinal centers (GC). BCL6 antibodies s
2145 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM beta-Amyloid (RBT-A4) Amyloid beta-protein, Amyloid β-peptide, Aβ, βA4 protein 88342 Detection of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid pathology are required for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Both tangles and plaques may be detected by histochemical stains or by immunohistochemistry. Guidelines published by the National Institute
2146 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM beta-Catenin (14) Catenin-beta-1 88342 Β-catenin is part of the Wnt signaling pathway - a highly conserved pathway with a critical role in embryonic development, carcinogenesis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. On Wnt activation, β-catenin is translocated from the membrane to the cyt
2147 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM BOB-1 (P) OBF-1, Oct binding factor-1 88342 BOB.1, also known as Oct-binding factor-1, is a B-cell transcription factor. In normal tissues, germinal center B-cells strongly express nuclear BOB.1 with weaker staining seen in non-germinal center B-cells. Immunohistochemical staining for BOB.1, in c
2148 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM BRACHYURY (1H9A2) Bry, TBXT, T-Box Transcription Factor T 88342 Brachyury is involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes required for mesoderm formation and differentiation. When bound to the T site, activates gene transcription. Genetic variations are associated with susceptibility to neural tube defects and
2149 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM BRAF (VE-1) BRAF mutated V600E 88342 BRAF is the product of a proto-oncogene located on chromosome 7q34. It is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a role in the MAP/ERK signaling cascade. Mutations involving BRAF have been described in numerous neoplasms, BRAF V600E mutation being the mos
2150 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM C3d (P) Complement 3d 88342 Complement component C3 plays a central role in the activation of complement system. Its activation is required for both classical and alternative complement activation pathways. C3d deposition in the renal transplant PTCs (peritubular capillaries) is ind
2151 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM C4d (P) Complement 4d 88342 Complement split product C4d is generated during activation of classic complement pathway. C4d is a stable product that stays bound to the target for weeks facilitating detection on sampled tissues. The protein is expressed as a single chain precursor w
2152 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Calcitonin (P) CT, thyrocalcitonin 88342 The antibody labels calcitonin-producing C-cells. Antibodies to calcitonin have been shown to aid in the classification of MTC. Calcitonin (CT) is a 32 amino acid peptide hormone derived from a precursor consisting of 136 amino acids and an N-terminal l
2153 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Calponin (CALP) Calponin-1, Basic calponin 88342 Calponin is a calmodulin, F-actin and tropomyosin binding protein which is thought to be involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Calponin expression is restricted to smooth muscle cells and has been shown to be a marker of the differenti
2154 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CALRETICULIN (CAL2) CALR 88342 CALR mutations are detectable in 67% of essential thrombocythemia (ET) and 88% of primary myelofibrosis (PMF) cases negative for mutations involving JAK2 or MPL genes. Myelodysplastic syndromes overlap neoplasms, chronic myelogenous leukemia or reactive
2155 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Calretinin (P) Calbindin 88342 Calretinin, a calcium-binding protein with a molecular weight of 29 kD, is a member of the large family of EF-hand proteins that also include S-100 protein. EF-hand proteins are characterized by a helix-loop-helix fold that acts as the calcium-binding sit
2156 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CAM 5.2 (CAM5.2) Cytokeratin CAM5.2 88342 Cytokeratin clone CAM5.2 has a primary reactivity with human keratin proteins that correspond to Moll’s peptides #7 and #8, Mr 48 and 52 kd respectively. Cytokeratin 7 and 8 are present on secretory epithelia of normal human tissue but not on stratified
2157 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CAMTA 1 (P) Calmodulin Binding Transcription Activator 1 88342 Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a malignant vascular neoplasm with significant potential for both local recurrence and metastasis. EHE is characterized by recurrent chromosomal translocations involving the regions 1p36.3 and 3q25. In about 90% o
2158 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Carbonic Anhydrase IX (EP161) CA9, CAIX 88342 Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme that assists rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. It is abundant in all mammalian tissues. Because of its functionality, it is a diagnostic marker for var
2159 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Cathepsin-K (3F9) CTSK 88342 Cathepsin K is closely involved in osteoclastic bone resorption and may participate partially in the disorder of bone remodeling. Cathepsin K displays potent endoprotease activity against fibrinogen at acid pH and may play an important role in extracellu
2160 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD10 (56C6) CALLA (common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen) 88342 CD10, common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, is expressed by a subset of T follicular helper cells. It has a direct role in cell growth and apoptosis and has been implicated in tumor cell proliferation. CD10 expression has been reported in a variety
2161 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD103 (EPR4166(2)) Alpha E Integrin, Human mucosal lymphocyte antigen 1 88342 CD103 (alpha E integrin) is expressed by intraepithelial T lymphocytes in the intestine, tonsil and lung as well as some dendritic cells. CD103 is expressed by enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphomas which are thought to arise from intraepithelial lymphoc
2162 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD117 (c-kit) (P) KIT Proto-Oncogene, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, c-kit 88342 The antibody labels the transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor CD117/c-kit, located in hematopoietic stem cells, melanocytes, mast cells, Cajal cells, germ cells, basal cells of skin, and mammary ductal epithelia. The antibody may be a useful tool for the
2163 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD123 (7G3) IL-3Rα 88342 Reacts with human CD123, the 70 kD IL-3 receptor α chain (IL-3Rα), which associates with the 120-140 kD β subunit. The β chain is shared with the receptors for interleukins IL-5 and GM-CSF. IL-3Rα is expressed on hematopoietic progenitors and plays an imp
2164 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD138 (B-B4) Syndecan-1 88342 CD138 (aka syndecan-1a) protein backbone is a single chain molecule of 30.5 kDa. Five putative GAG attachment sites exist in the extracellular domain. GAG fine structure appears to reflect the cellular source of the syndecan. Expression of CD138 in human
2165 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD14 (EP128) Leu M3 88342 Anti-CD14 labels a 55 kDa, glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked membrane protein, involved in endotoxin binding and recognition of apoptotic cells. CD14 is expressed by monocytes and dermal dendritic cells; anti-CD14 is considered to be a macrophage-deriv
2166 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD15 (BRA4F1) Blood group antigen Lewis X 88342 CD15 (BRA4F1) reacts with human CD15 antigen present on myeloid cells, mainly granulocytes but not on B cells, T cells, monocytes, erythrocytes or platelets. It also reacts with Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells in individuals with Hodgkin's disease.
2167 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD15 (MMA) Fucosyltransferase 4, FUT4 88342 CONFIRM anti-CD15 (MMA) recognizes lacto-N-fucopentose III. Antibodies against CD15 normally react in a strong cell surface membrane staining pattern with granulocytes and granulocyte precursors, monocytes, a subset of tissue macrophages, and activated T-
2168 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD163 (MRQ-26) M130 88342 CD163 is a hemoglobin scavenger receptor with variable expression in monocytes (low affinity) and tissue macrophages (high affinity). In its soluble form, it is an anti-inflammatory molecule and is important in inflammatory states such as rheumatoid arth
2169 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD19 (BT51E) B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4 88342 CD19 is a transmembrane glycoprotein member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is considered to be one of the most reliable surface markers of B cell lineage over a wide range of maturational stages. Similar to the widely used B cell marker CD20, CD19
2170 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD1a (O10) Leu6 88342 CD1a is an antigen-presenting protein that binds self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens and presents them to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells. CD1a is expressed on cortical thymocytes, epidermal Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, on ce
2171 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD2 (AB75) Lymphocyte function antigen 2 (LFA2) 88342 The CD2 antigen, also known as lymphocyte function antigen2 (LFA2), is a single chain type I transmembrane molecule of about 50 kD and consists of 351 amino acids. It plays a critical role in activation of T cells. It binds to CD58 on antigen presenting c
2172 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD20 (L26) MS4A1 88342 CD20 is a transmembrane, non-glycosylated protein expressed on B-cell precursors and mature B cells, but is lost following differentiation into plasma cells. In resting B cells, CD20 appears in a 33 kDa non-phosphorylated form. After mitogen stimulation,
2173 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD200 (E5I9V) OX2 88342 CD200 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed in a variety of cell types including B-cell and T-cell subsets, endothelial cells, and neurons. Within B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, CD200 expression has been reported in >95% of cases of chro
2174 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD21 (1F8) CR2 88342 CD21, or complement receptor 2 (CR2) is the receptor for complement C3Dd, for the Epstein-Barr virus on human B-cells and T-cells, and for heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (HNRPU). It participates in B lymphocytes activation. Genetic variations i
2175 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD22(SP104) SIGLEC2, Sialic Acid-Binding Ig-Like Lectin 2, T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-14 88342 CD22 is an approximately 135 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, which plays a role in the regulation of B-cell function. Normal CD22 expression is observed in follicular mantle and marginal zone B-cells. Expression is low on germinal center B-cells and abse
2176 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD23 (BU38) FCER2 88342 CD23 antigen is a 45-60 kDa membrane glycoprotein identified as a low affinity receptor for IgE production as well as a receptor for lymphocyte growth factor. CD23 is found in some mature B-cell lymphomas and in Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin disease. F
2177 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD25 (4C9) IL2RA 88342 CD25 antigen, the alpha subunit of interleukin-2 receptor, is a single-chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 55 kD. Following the activation of T cells interleukin-2 (IL-2) is rapidly synthesized and secreted. In response to this a subpopulation o
2178 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD3 (2GV6) 88342 CD3 (2GV6) is a rabbit monoclonal antibody produced against a synthetic peptide from the carboxy terminal region of the CD3 epsilon chain. CD3 epsilon chain is expressed in T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms. The C
2179 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD30 (Ber-H2) Ki-1 antigen 88342 The anti-CD30 (Ber-H2) antibody is a mouse monoclonal antibody produced against a membrane bound glycoprotein that has a molecular mass of 105-120 kD. CD30 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily which when activated results in the signaling
2180 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD30 (JCM182) Ki-1 antigen 88342 The CD30 antigen is a single chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 120 kD. CD30 antigen is known to act as a receptor for a cytokine ligand, CD30L, and may also play a role in the regulation of cellular growth and transformation. CD30 antigen is r
2181 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD31 (JC/70A) PECAM-1, platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 88342 The antibody primarily labels endothelial cells, and is a useful tool for the identification of benign and malignant vascular disorders, including angiosarcomas. In addition, the antibody is valuable for the labelling of vessels when determining angiogene
2182 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD33 (PWS44) SILEC3, gp67 88342 Clone PWS44 is recommended for the identification of human CD33 protein in normal and neoplastic tissues. In normal tissues, clone PWS44 detected the CD33 antigen in myeloid and myelomonocytic hemopoiesis and mature macrophages; cells of the erythroid and
2183 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD34 (QBEnd/10) Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Antigen CD34 88342 CD34 is a cell surface glycophosphoprotein expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor cells and can be used for identifying blast cells. CD34 is a marker for vascular endothelial cells and has been shown in literature to be highly sensitive for angiosarc
2184 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD35 (EP197) C3b receptor (C3bR), C4bR, Complement Receptor type 1 (CR1), Immune Adherence Receptor 88342 CD35 is a type 1 single-chain cell surface membrane glycoprotein with molecular mass polymorphism due to differences in the number of short consensus repeats (SCRs) in the extracellular region and variation in glycosylation (190 kDa, 23 SCRs; 220 kDa, 30
2185 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD38 (SP194) ADP-RIBOSYL CYCLASE, CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE HYDROLASE CD38, also known as ADP ribosyl cyclase 1, is a marker expressed by many hematolymphoid elements, including hematopoietic stem cells, hematogones and subsets of lymphoid cells with enzymatic and adhesion molecule features. It is also a marker of activati
2186 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD4 (SP35) T-Cell Surface Antigen T4/Leu-3 88342 CD4 is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein found on the helper-inducer T-cells, representing approximately 45% of mature peripheral blood T-cell lymphocytes. It is also present on about 80% of thymocytes as well as on some monocytes. B-cells do no
2187 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD43 (MT1) Leukosialin, gpL115, sialophorin 88342 CD43 is expressed, typically at high levels, on all leukocytes except most resting B lymphocytes. The expression on platelets is weak. CD43 is rapidly lost from lymphocyte and neutrophil surface by proteolytic shedding after activation with various stimul
2188 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD44 (DF1-485) CD44s, ECMRIII, Hermes antigen, homing-associated cell adhesion molecule (H-CAM), and Pgp-1 88342 CD44 is a type I transmembrane adhesion molecule with a molecular mass of 85-90 kDa. It is a glycoprotein with extensive O-linked glycosylation and 6 potential N-linked glycosylation sites. A portion of the N-terminal domain of CD44 shows homology with a
2189 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD45 (2B11+PD7/26) Leucocyte Common Antigen (LCA), T200, Ly-5 88342 CD45 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on most nucleated cells of haematopoietic origin. CD45, encoded by a single gene mapped to chromosome 1, has various isoforms based on differential splicing of exons 4, 5 and 6. On human leucocytes, five diff
2190 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD5 (SP19) LEU1 88342 CD5 is a T-cell marker that also reacts with a range of neoplastic B-cells, e.g. B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), B-cell small lymphocytic lymphoma (B-SLL), and mantle cell lymphoma. CD5 is expressed in T lymphocyte subsets and is modulated du
2191 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD56 (MRQ-42) Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) 88342 CD56, known as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), was originally identified in the nervous system and belongs to a group of cell adhesion molecules including cadherins, selectins, and integrins. Anti-CD56 recognizes two proteins of the NCAM, the basic
2192 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD57 (NK-1) HNK-1, human natural killer-1 88342 CD57, also known as HNK-1 (human natural killer-1), is a cell surface carbohydrate epitope expressed on terminally differentiated T-cells and subsets of natural killer (NK) cells. It has also been identified on cells of neural crest origin. Anti-CD57 is
2193 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD61 (2f2) GPIIIa 88342 Clone 2f2 detects the CD61 antigen in megakaryocytes and platelets. It is recommended for use in detecting CD61 protein expression in a variety of normal and neoplastic tissues.
2194 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD68 (KP-1) Macrosialin 88342 CD68 is a monocyte/macrophage marker useful in the diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma, and acute myeloid leukemia. Several reagents exist including KP-1 and PG-M1. The latter has been reported by several groups to be more monocyte/macroph
2195 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD68 (PG-M1) Macrosialin 88342 CD68 is a highly glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein with an Mr of 110 000. The CD68 protein belongs to a family of lysosomal glycoprotein (LGP)/plasma membrane shuttling proteins that play a role in endocytosis and/or lysosomal trafficking. CD68 is e
2196 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD7 (SP94) Tp41 88342 The CD7 molecule is a membrane-bound glycoprotein of 40 kDa, and is the earliest Tcell specific antigen to be expressed in lymphocytes. CD7 is expressed in the majority of thymocytes, peripheral blood T-cells and natural killer cells. Used in combination
2197 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD71 (10F11) Transferrin receptor-1 88342 CD71 (transferrin receptor-1) is an integral membrane glycoprotein that mediates cellular uptake of transferrin-iron complexes. CD71 has been found to be highly expressed on placental syncytiotrophoblasts, myocytes, basal keratinocytes, hepatocytes, endoc
2198 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD79a (JCB117) Ig-α 88342 The antibody labels B cells and is a useful tool for the identification of B-cell neoplasms of all maturation stages. CD79 is a disulphide-linked transmembrane heterodimer with a molecular mass of 82-95 kDa belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It
2199 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD8 (SP57) 88342 CD8 is a heterodimeric, disulphide linked, transmembrane glycoprotein found on the cytotoxic-suppressor T cell subset representing 30-35% of peripheral blood T cell lymphocytes, but not on B cell lymphocytes. CD8 is also present on 80% of thymocytes, at a
2200 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CD99 (EPR3097Y) MIC2 88342 CD99, as detected with a variety of antibodies, is expressed by almost all Ewings sarcoma and primitive peripheral neuroectodermal tumors (ES/PNET) and demonstrates strong and diffuse membranous staining. Other tumors that may show CD99 expression include
2201 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CDX-2 (EPR2764Y) CDX2, Caudal type homeobox 2 88342 CDX-2 is a caudal-related homeobox transcription factor whose expression in the adult is normally present in the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium. It is implicated in the development and maintenance of the intestinal mucosa. This protein is expressed immu
2202 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CEA (EPCEAR7) Carcinoembryonic Antigen 88342 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a 180-kDA cell surface glycoprotein overexpressed in 90% of gastrointestinal malignancies, including colon, gastric, rectal, and pancreatic tumors, 70% of lung cancers, and about 50% of breast cancers.
2203 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Chromogranin (LK2H10) CHGA 88342 Chromogranin A is present in secretory granules of endocrine cells. Chromogranin A is a marker for neuroendocrine differentiation and antibodies to chromogranin A are a useful tool for the identification of neuroendocrine-derived tumors. Chromogranin A is
2204 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Chymotrypsin (10-104.10) alpha-chymar ophth, chymotest, enzeon, quimar 88342 Chymotrypsin is a serine endopeptidase produced by the acinar cells of the pancreas. It is expressed within the secretory granules on the apical aspect of acinar cells. Chymotrypsin is one of the commonly used markers for identifying cells with pancreatic
2205 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CK 19 (A53-B/A2) Cytokeratin 19 88342 Anti-cytokeratin 19 reacts with epithelia and epithelial malignancies including carcinomas of the colon, stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, liver, and breast. Anti-cytokeratin 19 is very useful in differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma from intrahepa
2206 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CK 20 (Ks20.8) Cytokeratin 20 88342 CK 20 belongs to the intermediate filament proteins, which create a cytoskeleton in almost all cells. In contrast to other intermediate filaments, cytokeratins (CKs) are made up of a highly complex multigene family of 40 to 68 kDa polypeptides. Twenty di
2207 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CK 5/6 (D5/16B4) Cytokeratine 5/6 88342 Cytokeratin 5/6 (CK 5/6) stain distinguishes epithelioid mesothelioma (CK5/6+ in 83%) from lung adenocarcinoma (CK5/6- in 85%), including in pleural effusions (CK5/6+ in 90% mesothelioma, 0% adenocarcinoma). Can be also used to distinguish breast usual du
2208 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CK 7 (OV-TL 12/30) Cytokeratin 7 88342 Cytokeratin 7 belongs to the intermediate filaments, which create a cytoskeleton in almost all eukaryotic cells. In contrast to other intermediate filaments, cytokeratins (CKs) are made up of a highly complex multigene family of polypeptides with molecula
2209 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CK OSCAR (OSCAR) Pancytokeratin OSCAR 88342 Cytokeratin (OSCAR) is a wide-spectrum cytokeratin. It stains cytokeratins present in normal and abnormal human tissues and has shown high sensitivity in the recognition of epithelial cells, making it a useful marker for identifying several types of carc
2210 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CK8/18 (B22.1/B23.1) Cytokeratin 8 &18 88342 Cytokeratins 8 & 18 (CK 8 & 18) can be found in most simple epithelia, e.g. thyroid, female breast, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract.1 Adenocarcinomas and most non-keratinizing squamous carcinomas will stain with anti-CK 8 & 18, but keratiniz
2211 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Claudin-4 (3E2C1) Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptor 88342 Claudin-4 (Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptor) is a tight junction protein encoded by the gene CLDN4. Claudin-4 has been shown to distinguish adenocarcinoma from malignant mesothelioma with 99% specificity in malignant effusions. Claudin-4 overe
2212 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CL-NOTCH1 (D3B8) Cleaved NOTCH1, Notch1 intracellular domain (NOTCH1-ICD) 88342 NOTCH1 is a member of the NOTCH family of transmembrane proteins. Upon ligand binding, the intracellular domain is released by cleavage between the Gly1753 and Val1754 residues. Upon cleavage, the free cytoplasmic domain mediates downstream signaling in
2213 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Clusterin (41d) Apolipoprotein J, glycoprotein III, SGP-2 88342 Clusterin is also known as apolipoprotein J, complement lysis inhibitor, gp80, glycoprotein III, SGP-2, SP 40-40, TRPM2 and T64. It is a ubiquitous multifunctional protein of 80kD comprised of two disulfide-linked subunits, alpha and beta, and is capable
2214 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CMV (DDG9,CCH2) Cytomegalovirus 88342 Reacts with CMV immediate early antigen and early antigen. The antibody shows no cross-reaction with other herpesviruses or with adenovirus. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus that infects people of all ages. In the United States, nearly one in three
2215 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM c-MYC (Y69) MRTL 88342 c-MYC is a proto-oncogene that encodes the c-Myc protein, a transcription factor involved in cell proliferation. Abnormalities of c-MYC are found in many cancers and in many cases c-Myc is overexpressed as a result of translocations. Nearly 100% of Burkit
2216 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CXCL-13 (53610) BLC, BCA-1 88342 CXCL13 is a useful marker in the detection of angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphomas, and helps distinguish this entity from other T cell lymphomas.
2217 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM CyclinD1 (SP4-R) PRAD-1, BCL1 88342 Cyclin D1 (PRAD-1, bcl-1) is one of the key cell cycle regulators, and functions in association with cdk4 and/or cdk6 by phosphorylating the Rb protein. Cyclin D1 is a putative proto-oncogene overexpressed in a wide variety of human neoplasms including ma
2218 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM D2-40 (D2-40) Lymphatic Endothelial Marker, PODOPLANIN, T1A-2 88342 The monoclonal antibody D2-40 recognizes podoplanin, a transmembrane mucoprotein that is expressed in lymphatic endothelium and lymphangiomas. This antibody stains the endothelium of lymph vessels but does not react with the endothelium of capillaries, a
2219 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Desmin (D33) DES 88342 Desmin labels smooth and striated muscle cells as well as mesothelial cells and is a useful aid for the classification of rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyoma, and mesothelioma. Desmin belongs to the class III of intermediate filaments, constituting part of the c
2220 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM DOG-1 (K9) ANO1 88342 DOG-1, a 986 amino acid protein of unknown function, is expressed predominantly on the plasma membrane of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and is rarely expressed in other soft tissue tumors, which, due to appearance, can be confused with GISTs. Re
2221 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM DUX-4 (P4H2) Double homeobox 4 88342 Round cell sarcoma with CIC-DUX4 gene fusion is known as CIC-DUX4 sarcoma. CIC-DUX4 sarcoma is exceptionally rare and represents a genetically defined subtype of undifferentiated round cell sarcoma that morphologically resembles the Ewing sarcoma family o
2222 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM EBNA-2 (PE2) EBV nuclear antigen 2 88342 The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), also called Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a virus of the herpes family and is one of the most common viruses in humans. EBNA2 (EBV nuclear antigen 2) is one of the few genes of Epstein-Barr virus which are necessary for imm
2223 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM EBV-LMP1 (CS1,2,3,4) Epstein–Barr virus Latent Membrane Protein1 88342 The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), also called human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is one of eight known viruses in the herpes family, and is one of the most common viruses in humans. It is best known as the cause of infectious mononucleosis. It is also associated w
2224 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM E-Cadherin (36) CDH1 88342 E-cadherin is a calcium-regulated adhesion molecule expressed in most normal epithelial tissues. It is associated with gland formation, stratification, and epithelial polarization. Selective loss of E-cadherin can cause dedifferentiation and invasiveness
2225 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM EMA (E29) Epithelial membrane antigen, MUC1 88342 EMA antibody labels epithelial cells in a wide variety of tissues and is a useful tool for the identification of neoplastic epithelia. Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) belongs to a heterogenous population of human milk fat globule (HMFG), proteins. HMFG
2226 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Enolase (BBS/NC/V1-H14) NSE, Enolase 88342 Enolases (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolase) are glycolytic homo- or heterodimeric isoenzymes, which catalyse the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate. Three subunits, α (46 kDa), β (44 kDa) and γ (46 kDa), constitute the building b
2227 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM EP4-Ber (EA) (Ber-EP4) Epithelial Antigen 88342 The antibody labels most epithelial cells and is a useful aid in the classification of adenocarcinoma. The antibody may also aid in the classification of esophageal carcinoma and classification of basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin. Epithelia
2228 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM ERG (EPR3864) Erythroblast transformation specific related gene 88342 Defects in ERG are a cause of Ewing sarcoma (ES) [MIM:612219]. A highly malignant, metastatic, primitive small round cell tumor of bone and soft tissue that affects children and adolescents. It belongs to the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, a group of mor
2229 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Estrogen Receptor (SP1) ER 88360 Determination of ER status for all primary breast carcinomas was recommended by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1979, to better determine appropriate therapy. In 1985, both the NIH and the American Cancer Society independently published reports
2230 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM FACTOR XIII A (AC-1A1) Activated fibrin stabilizing factor 88342 Factor XIIIa has been identified in platelets, megakaryocytes, and fibroblast-like mesenchymal or histiocytic cells in the placenta, uterus, and prostate, monocytes and macrophages and dermal dendritic cells. Anti-factor XIIIa has been found to be useful
2231 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Fascin (IM20) p55 88342 Human fascin is a highly conserved 55 kD actin-bundling protein which shares extensive sequence homology with sea urchin fascin and the Drosophila singed gene (sn) protein. Fascin, encoded by the human homolog for sn (hsn) gene, has been localized to micr
2232 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Fast-Slow Myosin Fast Myosin: Myosin-1, Myosin heavy chain 1 Slow Myosin: Myosin-7, Myosin heavy chain 7 88344 Actomyosin filaments represent the principal structural contractile components of muscle cell sarcomeres. Myosin is a molecular motor that converts chemical energy into movement. This is established by sliding of actin and myosin filaments over each other
2233 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM FGFR-3 (B-9) Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3, CD333 88342 The expression of FGFR3 is dysregulated in a subset of patients with plasma cell myeloma due to the translocation t(4;14)(p16;q32). It has been previously reported that approximately 75% of cases of plasma cell myeloma with t(4;14)(p16;q32) show positivit
2234 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM FH (J-13) Fumarate Hydratase 88342 Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) syndrome is an autosomal disorder caused by germline mutation in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene on chromosome 1q43. HLRCC associated RCC is often aggressive with metastatic disease in 50% of pat
2235 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM FosB (5G4) AP-1 transcription factor subunit 88342 FOSB is a member of the FOS gene family (FOS, FOSB, FOSL1 and FOSL2). These genes encode leucine zipper proteins that dimerize with proteins of the HUN family, forming the transcription factor complex AP-1.1,2 In this role, FOSB protein has been implica
2236 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM FOXL2 (EPR4837) Forkhead box L2 88342 Forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) is a member of the fork-head-winged-helix family of transcription factors. The Foxl2 gene is one of the earliest genes expressed during female gonadal development and is required for folliculogenesis. The FOXL2 is specifically expr
2237 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM FSH (C10) Follicle stimulating hormone 88342 FSH antibody labels follicle stimulating hormone in normal and neoplastic tissue. The antibody labels gonadotropic cells of the pituitary and is useful in the classification of pituitary adenomas and in the differential diagnosis of primary and metastatic
2238 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Gastrin (P) GAST 88342 Gastrin is a peptide hormone secreted by G cells that stimulates secretion of HCl by parietal cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and pancreas. It also increases gastric motility. Gastrinomas are pancreatic islet cell tumors that hyper
2239 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM GATA3 (L50-823) GATA Binding Protein 3 88342 Studies have shown GATA-3 orchestrates gene expression profiles during embryogenesis of a variety of human tissues, including hematopoietic cells, skin, kidney, mammary gland, and the central nervous system. Among several other roles, GATA-3 has recently
2240 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM GCET1 (RAM341) Centerin, Seprin A9, SERPINA11, SERPINA11b, SERPINA9, Serine proteinase inhibitor A11, Germinal center B cell expressed transcript 1 protein 88342 Germinal center (GC) B cell-expressed transcript 1 (GCET1) is a molecule that belongs to the family of serine-protease inhibitors or serpins. Expression of GCET-1 has been found in GC B cells and GC B cell-derived malignancies but not in resting or activa
2241 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM GFAP (P) Glial fibrillary acidic protein 88342 Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the principal intermediate filament of mature astrocytes, and the antibody is a useful tool for the identification of astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) under normal and pathological conditions. GFAP i
2242 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM GFAP/Olig2 Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/ Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 88344 Olig2, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, is involved in oligodendroglial specification. Olig2 expression was restricted to glial tumors and nontumoral glia. It was higher in oligodendrogliomas when compared to astrocytomas. In addition
2243 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM GH (P) hGH, growth hormone, somatotropin 88342 Human growth hormone (hGH) is a polypeptide produced and secreted by somatotrophs of the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis). Somatotrophs account for approximately 50% of all anterior pituitary cells. Positive immunohistochemical staining for hGH
2244 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM GLUT1 (EP141) Glucose transporter 1, SLC2A1 88342 Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), the most abundant isoform among the human glucose transporter family (GLUT 1-14), controls cellular glucose uptake and plays an essential role in energy metabolism. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies have shown that GLUT1 is
2245 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Glutamine Synth. (GS-6) GS 88342 Glutamine synthetase, an enzyme that catalyzes the amination of glutamic acid to form glutamine, is found in mammals as an octamer of eight identical 45 kDa subunits. Glutamine synthetase activity has been shown to be a useful marker of astrocytes and an
2246 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Glycophorin A (GA-R2) GYPA, CD235a 88342 Glycophorin A is a sialoglycoprotein expressed in mature erythrocytes and nucleated erythroid precursors. Glycophorin A is a membrane protein carrying antigenic determinants for blood group specificities. The high sialic acid content of glycophorin A co
2247 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Glypican-3 (1G12) GPC3 88342 Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a glycosylphospatidyl inositol-anchored membrane protein, which may also be found in a secreted form. Recently, GPC3 was identified to be a useful tumor marker for the diagnosis of HCC, hepatoblastoma, melanoma, testicular germ cell t
2248 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM GPNMB Glycoprotein Nmb, HGFIN 88342 Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) classification has historically been based on morphology, with clear cell RCC, papillary RCC, and chromophobe RCC. However, with the advances in molecular phenotyping classification of these tumors solely based on morphology has
2249 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM GranzymeB (GrB-7) GZMB 88342 The granzyme B mouse monoclonal antibody reacts with the 33 kD human serine protease granzyme B. It does not react with human granzyme A. It is used as a marker for NK-cells and activated cytotoxic T-cells (CTL). This protease is localized in cytoplasm
2250 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM H.Pylori (SP48) Helicobacter pylori 88342 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can exist in a number of locations: in the mucus, attached to epithelial cells, or inside of vacuoles in epithelial cells, where it produces adhesions that bind to membrane-associated lipids and carbohydrates in or on epith
2251 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM H3 K27me3 (C36B11) Tri-Methyl-Histone H3 Lys27 Wild Type 88342 In most cells, histone 3 (H3) is trimethylated at lysine 27 (H3K27) as a consequence of the activity of the polycomb repressive complex (PRC2). It is designated “wild type”. In 70-90% of cases of malignant peripheral nerve sheet tumor (MPNST), constitue
2252 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM H3 K27Mutant (EPR18040) H3K27M Mutant 88342 Recurrent K27M mutations in histone 3 (H3) have been detected in midline high grade astrocytomas and have been associated with rapid fatal outcomes. Mutated cases tend to be diagnosed in children, in pontine and midline locations.
2253 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM H3 K36M (RM193) Histone H3 (K36M Mutant Specific) 88342 H3F3B is a member of the histone H3 family and is located on chromosome 17. Histone H3 K36M is expressed in the nuclei of the mononuclear cell population of H3F3B altered chondroblastoma. Somatic missense mutations in histone H3 genes are found in several
2254 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM H3G34W (RM263) Histone H3.3 G34W mutant 88342 Nuclear chromatin is composed of nucleosomes, each containing a histone multimer wrapped by DNA. Mutations of histones, which can lead to alteration of gene expression and chromosomal stability, have been described in several types of neoplasms. The his
2255 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HbcAG (P) Hepatitis B Core Antigen 88342 Hepatitis B Virus Core Antigen (HBcAg) is part of the infectious virion containing an inner "core particle" enclosing the viral genome. The icosahedral core particle contains 180 or 240 copies of the core protein. HBcAg is one of the three major clinical
2256 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HBME-1 (HBME-1) Mesothelial Cell, Hector Battifora mesothelial-1 88342 Hector Battifora mesothelial-1 (HBME-1) is a membrane antigen that exists in the microvilli of mesothelial cells and other epithelial cells. Anti-HBME-1 labels thyroid papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma but not normal thyroid making it a valuab
2257 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HbsAG (A10F1) Hepatitis B surface antigen 88342 Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) contains the large, middle, and small proteins of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBsAg is on the surface of HBV that is present in the bodily fluids and hepatocytes of infected individuals. It plays a key role in HBV’s in
2258 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM H-Caldesmon (h-CD) CALD1 88342 This antibody labels smooth muscle cells and is a useful aid in the classification of tumors with smooth muscle cell differentiation. Caldesmon is a developmentally regulated protein involved in smooth muscle and non-muscle contraction. Two closely relate
2259 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HCG (P) Human chorionic gonadotropin 88342 Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone composed of alpha and beta subunits, synthesized in syncytiotrophoblastic cells of placenta and in certain trophoblastic tumors such as choriocarcinoma. The alpha subunit of hCG is identical to
2260 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HEG1 (SKM9-2) HEART DEVELOPMENT PROTEIN WITH EGF-LIKE DOMAINS 1 88342 HEG homolog 1 (HEG1) is a novel calcium binding receptor protein that plays a role in endothelial cell interactions in the development of the vascular system and angiogenesis. HEG1 has been shown to be a useful marker in the diagnosis of mesothelioma, an
2261 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Hemoglobin-A (SP212) HGB A 88342 Hemoglobin belongs to the globin family of proteins and is involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues. Hemoglobin A is comprised of two alpha chains and two beta chains. Immunohistochemical localization of hemoglobin A s
2262 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Hepatocyte (OCH1E5) HEP-PAR1 88342 Monoclonal antibody Hep Par 1 is an antigen that seems to be localized to the mitochondrial fraction of liver homogenates in both fetal and adult liver. It is conserved in most adult hepatocellular carcinomas including fibrolamellar variants. Hepatoblasto
2263 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HER2 (4B5) CERB2 88360 Breast cancer is the most common carcinoma occurring in women, and the second leading cause of cancer related death. In North America, a woman’s chance of contracting breast cancer is one in eight. Early detection and appropriate treatment therapies can s
2264 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Herpes (HSVI&II) (P) Herpes Simplex Virus I and II; HSV I & II 88342 Herpes simplex viruses -- more commonly known as herpes -- are categorized into two types: herpes type 1 (HSV-1 or oral herpes) and herpes type 2 (HSV-2 or genital herpes). Most commonly, herpes type 1 causes sores around the mouth and lips (sometimes cal
2265 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HHV8 (13B10) Human Herpesvirus 8 88342 Human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8) is the likely etiological agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). HHV-8 DNA sequences have been found in KS lesions and primary effusion lymphoma. Other conditions in which HHV-8 has been associated include multicentric Castleman
2266 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HMB-45 (HMB-45) Anti-Melanoma 88342 Metastatic amelanotic melanoma is often confused with a variety of poorly differentiated carcinomas, sarcomas, and large cell lymphomas. Primary spindle cell melanomas may also mimic spindle cell carcinomas and various types of mesenchymal neoplasms. HMB4
2267 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HMGA2 (EP398) High Mobility Group AT-Hook, HMGIC 88342 High mobility group A2 protein (HMGA2) is a non-histone, chromatin-associated molecule involved in maintenance and functional regulation of DNA, including the processes of replication, recombination, transcription, and DNA repair. HMGA2 is important durin
2268 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM HPV (K1H8) human papillomavirus 88342 Anti-human papillomavirus, clone K1H8 (anti-HPV) reacts with a non-conformational internal linear epitope of a major capsid protein of HPV-1, which is broadly expressed among the different HPV subtypes. Anti-HPV was found to be immunoreactive with paraffi
2269 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM ICOS (D1K2T) CD278, Inducible co-stimulator 88342 ICOS (Inducible Co-Stimulator, CD278) is a member of the CD28 family that regulates T cell activity and immune responses (1-2). The ICOS protein contains an extracellular IgV like domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain with a YMFM mot
2270 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IDH-1 (H09) Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 88342 Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is an important enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It catalyzes the cytosolic oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, producing alpha-ketoglutarate and CO2 while converting NAD+ to NADH. High frequency of IDH1 mutat
2271 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IDH2 (R172K) (14H7F11) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2 with R172K mutation 88342 Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) are identified in a subset of hematolymphoid neoplasms including acute myeloid leukemia and T-cell lymphomas of T follicular helper type with the R172K mutation being one of the most frequently identified mut
2272 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IgA (P) Immunoglobulin A 88342 IgA is one of the most prevalent of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. It is found in all secretions of the body and is the major antibody in the tears, saliva, and mucous membranes lining the intestines and bronchi. IgA combines with a
2273 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IgD (EP173) Immunoglobulin D 88342 Immunoglobulins function as the surface receptors in B lymphocytes and as the secretory products of plasma cells forming the humoral arm of the immune system. IgD is normally expressed on mantle zone B-cells. The identification of IgD on B-cell subsets
2274 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IgG (RWP49) Immunoglobulin G 88342 Immunoglobulins are heterodimeric proteins composed of two heavy chains and two light chains. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most common type of antibody in serum and is normally produced by plasma cells to aid in the control of various types of pathogens.
2275 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IgG4 (HP6025) Immunoglobulin G4 88342 Early studies suggest that IgG4 as a serum and IHC tissue marker may be a sensitive diagnostic aide in AIP and a specific marker to differentiate this rare variant of chronic pancreatitis from usual type chronic pancreatitis due to alcoholism and gallston
2276 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IgM (P) Immunoglobulin M 88342 IgM normally constitutes about 10% of serum immunoglobulins. IgM antibody is prominent in early immune responses to most antigens and predominates in certain antibody responses such as 'natural' blood group antibodies. IgM (with IgD) is the major immunogl
2277 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Inhibin (alpha) (R1) Inhibin A, Inhibin alpha 88342 Inhibin and activin are part of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-Ăź) family of cytokines and are best known for their role in regulating follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion, where inhibin inhibits and activin activates secretion. These pro
2278 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM INI-1 (25/BAF47) SNF5, SMARCB1, BAF47 88342 The SMARCB1/INI-1 gene is a member of the ATP-dependent SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex and has been considered as a tumor suppressor gene. All normal cells show nuclear expression of INI-1 protein. Biallelic inactivation of the INI-1 gene & absence
2279 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM INSM1 (MRQ70) Insulinoma-associated protein 1; zinc finger protein IA-1 88342 INSM1 (insulinoma-associated protein 1), also known as zinc-finger protein IA-1, is a developmentally regulated zinc-finger transcription factor. It localizes to the nucleus and is expressed in embryonic tissues undergoing neuroendocrine differentiation.
2280 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IRF8 (EPR20441) Interferon Regulatory Factor 8, ICSBP 88342 Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8) is a lineage-specific transcription factor of the interferon (IFN) regulatory factor (IRF) family that is critical for the production of monocytic and dendritic cell progenitors. Its expression highly correlates with
2281 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM IRTA1 (EPR21961) FCRL4 88342 Immune receptor translocation-associated protein 1 (IRTA1), also known as Fc receptor–like 4 (FCRL4), is a member of a family of immunoglobulin-like proteins that mediate B-cell immune responses. In normal lymphoid tissues, IRTA1 is expressed in benign m
2282 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Kappa (P) KAPPA LIGHT CHAINS 88342 The human immunoglobulins basically consist of two identical heavy chains (Mr about 50 000) and two identical light chains (Mr about 20 000). The four chains are covalently linked together by disulphide bonds. The light chains are either kappa or lambda.
2283 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM KER 903 (34BE12) Cytokeratin 1/5/10/14, HMWCK 88342 KER903 (34βE12) is specific for "high molecular weight" cytokeratins 1, 5, 10 and 14, corresponding to molecular weights 68, 58, 56.5 and 50 kDa, respectively, which are characteristically found in "complex" epithelium. The antibody reacts with all squamo
2284 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Ki 67 (30-9) Marker Of Proliferation Ki-67 88360 The Ki-67 antigen is a proliferation marker and is expressed by cells within the cell cycle but not in resting cells. Studies have shown this antigen to be expressed throughout S phase, G2 phase and M phase of the cell cycle but absent in G 0. It is a n
2285 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Ki67/MelanA Ki67/Melan A Double Stain or Dual Stain 88344 The Ki-67 antigen is a proliferation marker and is expressed by cells within the cell cycle but not in resting cells. Studies have shown this antigen to be expressed throughout S phase, G2 phase and M phase of the cell cycle but absent in G0. It is a nucl
2286 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Lambda (P) LAMBDA LIGHT CHAINS 88342 The human immunoglobulins basically consist of two identical heavy chains (Mr about 50 000) and two identical light chains (Mr about 20 000). The four chains are covalently linked together by disulphide bonds. The light chains are either kappa or lambda.
2287 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Langerin (P) CD207 88342 Langerin is a highly selective marker for benign Langerhans cells and for the lesional cells of Langerhans cell histocytosis. Langerhans cells are normally present in many tissues, including lymph node and skin (tissues that could be used as positive con
2288 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM LEF1 (EP310) Lymphoid Enhancer Binding Factor 1, TCF1ALPHA 88342 Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (LEF1), also known as T cell factor protein 1 alpha (TCF-1α), is a member of the LEF/TCF family of transcription factors. LEF1 plays a key role in the WNT signaling pathway via direct interaction with β-catenin and subse
2289 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM LH (C93) Luteinizing hormone 88342 This antibody labels luteinizing hormone in normal and neoplastic tissue. LH labels gonadotropic cells of the pituitary. Dako LH, C93 is useful in the classification of pituitary adenomas and in the differential diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors
2290 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM LMO2 (SP51) LIM domain only 2; LIM-only transcription factor-2; rhombotin-like 1 88342 LMO2 is expressed in normal germinal center B-cells and in a subset of lymphomas derived from those cells in addition to bone marrow hematopoietic precursors and endothelial cells. LMO2 protein expression also plays an important role in the diagnosis of d
2291 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MAL (E-1) Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein 88342 MAL (myelin and lymphocyte protein), also known as T lymphocyte maturation-associated protein, is a nonglycosylated hydrophobic integral membrane protein belonging to the MAL family of proteolipids. MAL is highly enriched in nervous system myelin and in r
2292 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MAMMAGLOBIN (31A5) Mammaglobin-1, Secretoglobin family 2A member 2, MGB1, UGB2. 88342 Breast cancer is known for its morphologic diversity and diagnosis of metastatic breast carcinoma can be challenging. Mammaglobin is a breast-associated glycoprotein that belongs to the secretoglobin superfamily. It is expressed by normal mammary tissue a
2293 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM McPyV (CM2B4) Merkel Cell Polyomavirus 88342 Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infections are typically benign. However, in rare instances, these infections can lead to a neoplastic transformation of Merkel cell carcinoma through the expression of MCPyV large T-antigen (nuclear expression). Merkel c
2294 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MDM2 (IF2) mouse (or murine) double minute 2 88342 Well-differentiated liposarcoma / atypical lipomatous tumor (WDLS/ALT) are among the most common malignant soft tissue tumors presenting in older adults. These tumors typically arise in the deep soft tissue of the proximal lower extremities as slow growin
2295 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MEF2B (EPR22192-78) Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2B, RSRFR2, Serum Response Factor-Like Protein 2, MADS Box Transcription Enhancer Factor 2 88342 Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2B (MEF2B) is a product of the MADS/MEF2 family of DNA binding proteins initially identified as important regulators of myocyte differentiation. MEF2B is highly expressed in germinal center B-cells and appears critical in germinal
2296 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Melan A (A103) MART-1 88342 Melan-A, product of MART-1gene, is a differentiation antigen which is expressed in 100% of melanocytes, most melanomas, and 50-60 percent of melanoma cell lines. It was identified as one of the melanoma antigens recognized by autologous cytotoxic T cells,
2297 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MiTF (C5+d5) Microphthalmia Transcription Factor 88342 MiTFis a transcription factor implicated in pigmentation, bone development and in mast cells. Various forms of Mi exist ranging from 50-70 kD in size. This antibody targets the 52-56 kD range. This antibody has been useful in identifying malignant melanom
2298 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MLH-1 (M1) MutL homolog 1 (E. coli) 88342 The anti-MLH1 antibody, clone M1, recognizes MLH1, one of several mismatch repair (MMR) proteins that are mutated in families with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Carriers of these mutations have a high risk of developing colorectal, u
2299 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MOC-31 (MOC-31) Anti-Epithelial Specific Antigen 88342 MOC-31 is a monoclonal antibody which recognizes an approximately 41-kilodalton, membrane-based glycoprotein (epithelial glycoprotein2, EGP-2) of unknown function. Immunohistochemical studies have shown that MOC-31 is expressed in a wide range of carcinom
2300 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MSH-2 (G219-1129) MutS homolog 2 (E. coli) 88342 MSH2 is a mismatch repair gene which is deficient in a high proportion of patients with microsatellite instability (MSI-H). This finding is associated with the autosomal dominant condition known as hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). The anti-MS
2301 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MSH-6 (SP93) mutS homolog6 88342 Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most prevalent cause of death in the world. The majority of CRCs show chromosomal instability, however approximately 15% of cancers develop through an alternative pathway characterize
2302 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MUC-4 (8G-7) Mucin 4 88342 MUC4 (mucin 4) is a large membrane-anchored glycoprotein of the mucin family that is expressed by epithelial cells in various normal tissues including lung, bronchus, stomach, colon, and cervix. MUC4 is generally not detected in normal pancreas but is ex
2303 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MUM-1 (MUM1p) IRF4 88342 MUM1 protein (multiple myeloma oncogene-1) is a 50 kDa protein encoded by the MUM1 gene that was originally identified because of its involvement in the rare t(6;14) (p25;q32) translocation observed in multiple myeloma (MM), causing juxtaposition of the M
2304 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Muramidase (P) Lysozyme 88342 Muramidase (Lysozyme) has been shown to have cytoplasmic expression in hematopoietic cells and non-hematopoietic cells, like renal proximal convoluted tubules. Lysozyme may be used as a non-specific marker of tissue macrophages (such as alveolar macrophag
2305 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Myeloperoxidase (EP151) MPO 88342 Anti-myeloperoxidase detects granulocytes and monocytes in blood and precursors of granulocytes in the bone marrow. This antibody can detect myeloid cell populations of the bone marrow as well as in other sites. This antibody is indicated as an aid in the
2306 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM MyoD1 (EP212) Myogenic Differentiation 1Ce 88342 The MyoD1 protein is a 45 kD nuclear phosphoprotein which induces myogenesis through transcriptional activation of muscle-specific genes. Nuclear expression of MyoD1 is restricted to skeletal muscle tissue and has been demonstrated to be a sensitive marke
2307 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Myogenin (F5D) BHLHc3, Myogenic Factor 4 88342 Anti-Myogenin labels the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissue, and is expressed in tumor cell nuclei of rhabdomyosarcoma and some leiomyosarcomas. Positive nuclear staining may occur in Wilm’s tumor.
2308 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Napsin A (EP205) Napsin A aspartic peptid 88342 Napsin A is an aspartic proteinase and plays a role in pneumocyte surfactant processing. It is expressed in normal adult lung tissue, specifically labeling type II pneumocytes and epithelial cells in kidney tissues. Recent studies have demonstrated that N
2309 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Neu-N (A60) Neuronal nuclei 88342 NeuN antibody (Neuronal Nuclei; clone A60) specifically recognizes the DNA-binding, neuron-specific protein NeuN, which is present in most CNS and PNS neuronal cell types of all vertebrates tested. NeuN protein distributions are apparently restricted to n
2310 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Neurofilament (2F11) NF 88342 Neurofilaments (NFs) belong to the family of intermediate filaments (IFs) and are structural elements of the neuronal cytoskeleton in an interconnection with actin microfilaments, microtubules and other IFs. NFs are composed of three different subunits th
2311 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Neurofilament 2F11 and SMI-32 Cocktail (2f11&SMI32) NF COCKTAIL 88342 The diagnosis of primary demyelination is dependent upon the detection of myelin loss (identified by Luxol Fast Blue stain) with relative preservation of axons, identified by neurofilament immunostain. For this reason, detection of all axons present in a
2312 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM NK1/C3 (NK1/C3) CD63 88342 CD63 is a 53kDa lysosomal membrane protein in the family of tetraspan moieties, and characterized as an activation dependent platelet surface antigen. Anti-CD63 reactivity is seen in the cytoplasm of many cell types including lymphoid, myeloid, endothelia
2313 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM NKX3.1 (EP356) NK3 Homeobox 1, NKX3, BAPX2, NKX3A, NKX3.1, Bax, bagpipe, NKX3-1 88342 NKX-3.1 is a protein found in humans and is encoded by the NKX3-1 gene located on chromosome 8. The homeodomain containing transcription factor NKX3A is a putative prostate tumor suppressor that is expressed in a largely prostate-specific and androgen-reg
2314 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM NPM-1 (P) mutated nucleophosmin 1, mutated B23 88342 The presence of NPM1 mutations are frequently identified within acute myeloid leukemia. The presence of an NPM1 in the appropriate setting can be used to define a category of AML (AML with mutated NPM1) within the 2016 WHO monograph and tend to be seen in
2315 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM NRAS (RBT-NRAS) NRAS Proto-Oncogene, GTPase with Q61R mutation 88342 NRAS oncogene is a member of the Ras gene family which is involved in normal control of cell growth. Mutations in NRAS have been seen in melanomas, acute myeloid leukemia and thyroid cancers. Specifically, the NRAS (Q61R) mutation has been associated wi
2316 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM NUT (C52B1) NUTM1, NUT midline carcinoma family member 1; Nuclear protein in testis 88342 Nuclear protein in testis (NUT), which is normally expressed only in germ cells of the testis and ovary, regulates TERT expression by modulating SP1 binding to TERT promoter binding sites. NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare, clinically aggressive carc
2317 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM OCT 2 (MRQ2) Octamer Transcription Factor 2 88342 Oct-2 is a transcription factor of the POU homeo-domain family that binds to the Ig gene octamer sites, regulating B-cell-specific genes. These are involved in proliferation and differentiation and, despite the scarce evidence for Oct-2 expression in T ce
2318 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM OCT 3/4 (C-10) POU5F1 (POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 88342 The recently described marker, OCT3/4, a nuclear transcription factor and marker of pluripotency, has been found in both normal immature and malignant germ cells, known as carcinoma in situ/intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified (CIS/ITGCNU). ITGCN
2319 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Olig2 (211F1.1) Oligodendrocyte transcription factor / Oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 88342 Olig2, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, is involved in oligodendroglial specification. Olig2 expression was restricted to glial tumors and nontumoral oligodendrocytes. It was higher in oligodendrogliomas when compared to astrocytomas.
2320 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM P120 catenin (98) CTNND1, Catenin Delta 1, P120 88342 p120 catenin is a tyrosine kinase that binds to E-cadherin within the cell membrane. Absence of E-cadherin at the cell membrane transports p120 catenin into the cell cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic expression of p120 catenin is useful in the distinction between l
2321 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM P16 (E6H4) CDKN2A, Cycln Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A, CDK4, Inhibitor P16-INK4 88342 As a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p16INK4a (p16) plays a key role in cell cycle regulation and cellular differentiation. The p16 protein controls the retinoblastoma protein (pRB)-mediated G1-S phase transition and triggers cell cycle arrest in the c
2322 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM P40 (BC28) ΔNp63 88342 The mouse monoclonal antibody p40 [clone BC28] recognizes an epitope unique to the p40 protein and may have applications in cases where p63 has traditionally been used. To date, p63 [clone 4A4] has been a frequently used marker for lung squamous cell carc
2323 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM P53 (DO-7) Tumor protein 53, TP53 88360 p53 is a nuclear phosphoprotein with a molecular mass of 53 kDa. Wild-type p53 protein is present in a wide variety of normal cells, but the protein has a very short half-life and thus is present in only minute amounts, generally below the detection level
2324 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM P57 (AB6) CDKN1C 88342 P57 protein is encoded by the CDKN1C gene, which is strongly paternally imprinted and expressed exclusively from the maternal allele. Complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) contains only paternal genes & has been proven to display reduced or absent P57 protein
2325 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM P63 (A4A) KET, p53, p40, p73L 88342 The human p63 protein is a member of the p53 family of transcription factors, and has six major isoforms. The p63 protein is highly expressed in the basal or progenitor cells of a variety of epithelial tissues, including those of the prostate, breast, eso
2326 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM p63-ERG p63: KET, p51, p40, and p73L; ERG: ETS Transcription Factor ERG 88344 The TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion has been found to be highly specific for prostate cancer and presented in approximately 50% of prostate cancer cases. TMRRSS2-ERG gene fusions result in a truncated ERG protein product which can be detected by immunohistochemis
2327 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Pan-TRK (EPR17341) Tropomyosin receptor kinase proteins A, B, and C 88342 Tropomyosin, or tyrosine, receptor kinase (Trk) family members play a role within the nervous system by binding neurotrophins to affect both neuronal differentiation and survival. The neurotrophic receptor kinase 1 (NTRK1), NTRK2, and NTRK3 genes encode p
2328 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Parvovirus (R92F6) Erythrovirus B19, B19V 88342 Parvovirus B19 manifestations of infection vary with the immunologic and hematologic status of the host. In the immunocompromised host persistent parvovirus B19 infection is manifested as pure red cell aplasia and chronic anemia. Likewise, the immature im
2329 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PAX2 (EP235) Paired box gene 2 88342 PAX2 is a transcription factor that, during embryonic development, codes for a protein that is involved in the formation of the eye, ear, central nervous system, kidney, and genital tract. After birth, the PAX2 protein is thought to protect against cell d
2330 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PAX5 (SP34) B-cell specific activator protein (BSAP) 88342 PAX5, also known as B-cell specific activator protein (BSAP), is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. Within lymphocytes, PAX5 is expressed in B-cell precursors and mature B-cells, but is lost as B-cells mature into plasma c
2331 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PAX8 (SP348) Paired Box 8 88342 PAX8 is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of cell lineage restricted transcription factors that are expressed in specific primordial tissues in the embryonic stages and in differentiated adult tissues. These lineage restricted transcription factors
2332 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PD1 (NAT105) Programmed Cell Death 1; CD279; Ly101 88342 Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) represents approximately 5% of all cases of Hodgkin lymphoma and is considered to be a distinct entity. The histologic findings often overlap with T-cell/histiocyte rich B-cell lymphoma (T/HRBCL), ma
2333 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PD-L1 (22C3) Programmed Death – Ligand 1 88360 Binding of the PD-1 ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, to the PD-1 receptor found on T cells, inhibits T cell proliferation and cytokine production. PD-L1 expression in tumor cells can be used as a prognostic indicator that anti-PD-1 immunotherapy may prolong lif
2334 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PERFORIN (5B10) PRF1 88342 Perforin plays a key role in secretory granule-dependent cell death, and in defense against virus-infected or neoplastic cells. Plays an important role in killing other cells that are recognized as non-self by the immune system, e.g. in transplant rejecti
2335 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PIN3 (P504S+P63+34BE12) Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia 88344 This two-color, three-antibody stain includes 34β12 and p63 with a brown chromogen and p504s in a red chromogen. In the prostate, 34βE12 and p63 stain normal basal cells, while p504s (AMACR) is generally negative or only very faintly positive in normal g
2336 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Pit-1 (D-7) POU1F1, POU Class 1 Homeobox 1 88342 Pit-1 determines the differentiation of growth hormone (somatotroph, lactotroph, and thyrotroph) cells within the pituitary gland. The nuclear expression of Pit-1 is retained in the pituitary tumor cells that are differentiated towards their respective pi
2337 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PLAG1 (3B7) PLAG1 Zinc Finger, ZNF912, Pleomorphic Adenoma Gene 88342 PLAG1 gene plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. It belongs to the PLAG family of transcription factors and is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the salivary glands, pituitary gland, and adrenal gland. PL
2338 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PLAP (8A9) Placental alkaline phosphatase 88342 Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is normally produced by primordial germ cells and placental syncytiotrophoblasts, and the detection of its expression has been useful in identifying germ cell tumors. Anti-PLAP antibody immunoreacts with germ cell tu
2339 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PMS2 (EP51) PMS1 Homolog 2 88342 Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most prevalent cause of death in the world. The majority of CRCs show chromosomal instability, however approximately 15% of cancers develop through an alternative pathway characterize
2340 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Pneumocystis (3F6) P. jiroveci, P. carinii 88342 Pneumocystis jiroveci, formerly known as Pneumocystis carinii, causes the disease Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) which is one of the leading causes of illness and death in persons with impaired immunity caused by HIV, organ transplantation, or chemo
2341 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PRAME (EPR20330) PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma 88360 PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma) is an antigen that is preferentially expressed in human melanomas and that is recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes. It is not expressed in normal tissues, except testis. The encoded protein acts as a r
2342 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Progesterone Receptor (1E2) PR 88360 Determination of ER status for all primary breast carcinomas was recommended by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1979, to better determine appropriate therapy. In 1985, both the NIH and the American Cancer Society independently published reports
2343 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PROLACTIN (EP193) Luteotropin 88342 Prolactin (PRL) is a single-chain polypeptide of 226 amino acids and plays a role in multiple processes including cell growth, reproduction, and immune function. Anti-Prolactin reacts with prolactin-producing cells and is a useful marker in classification
2344 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PSA (EP109) Prostate Specific Antigen, Kallikrein-3 88342 PSA is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease (kallikrein family) produced by the prostate epithelium. Studies have shown that PSA is used to confirm prostatic acinar cell origin in primary and metastatic carcinomas and to rule out non-prostatic carcinoma mi
2345 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PSAP (PASE/4LJ) Prostate-specific acid phosphatase 88342 Anti-PSAP reacts with prostatic acid phosphatase in the glandular epithelium of normal and hyperplastic prostate, carcinoma of the prostate, and metastatic cells of prostatic carcinoma. This marker may be helpful in pinpointing the site of origin in cases
2346 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PSMA (3E6) Prostate specific membrane antigen, GCP2 88342 Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a 750 amino acid type II membrane glycoprotein with folate hydrolase and neuropeptidase activity. PSMA is expressed in normal and malignant prostatic epithelium and in a subset of non-prostatic tissues. In pros
2347 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PTEN (138G6) Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog, 88342 Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract. It is a heterogeneous disease that has traditionally been divided into type 1 and type 2 cancers. Type 1 tumors are low grade endometrioid carcinomas and are generally associ
2348 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PTH (MRQ-31) Parathyroid Hormone 88342 The parathyroid glands function within the endocrine system to promote blood calcium homeostasis through controlled release of parathyroid hormone (PTH). This process involves the synthesis and secretion of PTH by activated parathyroid chief cells during
2349 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM PU.1 (9G7) SPI1, SPI-A, SFPI1 88342 PU.1 is a transcriptional activator and ETS oncogene family member based on similarity to the v-ets oncogene from the avian retrovirus E26 which causes erythroid and myeloid leukemias in chickens. PU.1 is highly expressed in cells of myeloid and B-lymphoi
2350 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Rb1 (G3-245) Retinoblastoma Protein, Rb 88342 Retinoblastoma gene/protein is a tumor suppressor gene at 13q14. Encodes a 110-114 kDa nuclear protein that plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression by regulating cell cycle arrest at G1-S. Somatic mutations can cause various tumors and aberrant/l
2351 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM S100 (P) S100 Calcium Binding Protein 88342 S100 antibody labels cells expressing S100 and is a useful aid for the classification of neoplasms, such as malignant melanoma, Langerhans' histiocytosis, chondroblastoma, and schwannoma. Differential classification is aided by the results from a panel of
2352 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SALL4 (6E3) DRRS, HSAL4, MGC133050, ZNF797, Dj1112f19.1 88342 Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4) is a zinc finger-containing transcription factor that belongs to the Spalt/Sal transcription factor family. It has been known as a stem cell marker because of its role in the maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency of embry
2353 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SATB2 (EP281) Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2 88342 Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) binds specifically to nuclear matrix attachment regions of DNA. It functions as a transcriptional regulator and is involved in chromatin remodeling. Recently, SATB2 has been identified as a sensitive and
2354 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SDHA (2E3GC12FB2AE2) Succinate Dehydrogenase A, Succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit 88342 Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), also known as or succinate-coenzyme Q reductase or respiratory Complex II, is a heterotetrameric enzyme complex located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and participates in both the citric acid cycle and the respiratory c
2355 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SDHB (EPR13042B) Succinate Dehydrogenase B 88342 Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), also known as or succinate-coenzyme Q reductase or respiratory Complex II, is a heterotetrameric enzyme complex located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and participates in both the citric acid cycle and the respiratory c
2356 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SF-1 (N1665) Steroidogenic Factor 1, NR5A1, AD4BP, FTZ-F1 88342 Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1), is a nuclear hormone receptor that plays an important role in steroidogenesis, development of gonads and adrenal glands, sexual differentiation and reproduction. SF-1 is expressed in all the major steroidogenic tissues such
2357 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SMAD4 (EP618Y) DPC4, MADH4, Deletion Target In Pancreatic Carcinoma 4 88342 SMAD4 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 drosophila) is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a critical role in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway, which regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
2358 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SMARCA2 (P) BRM, SWI/SNF Related, Matrix Associated, Actin Dependent Regulator Of Chromatin, Subfamily A, Member 2 88342 SMARCA2, also known as BRM (Brahma) is an important catalytic component of the SWI/SNF chromatic remodeling complex. Loss of expression of SMARCA2 has been observed in small cell carcinoma of the ovary. Undifferentiated carcinomas of the gastrointestinal
2359 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SMARCA4 (EPNCIR111A) BRG1 88342 SMARCA4, also known as BRG1, is a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex which alters DNA-histone contacts with a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. The SWI/SNF complex also functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating transcription an
2360 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SMMS1 (SMMS1) Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain 88342 SMMS-1 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that highlights the myoepithelial cell layer. The absence of a myoepithelial cell layer aids the pathologist in determining the invasive nature of a breast lesion. SMMS-1 is an important sensitive and specific marker
2361 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SOX-10 (BC34) SRY-related high-mobility group HMG box gene 10 88342 SOX10 (SRY-related high-mobility group HMG box gene 10) protein is a nuclear transcription factor. SOX10 acts as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttle protein and is essential for the survival of neural crest-derived cells and for the maintenance of the multi-poten
2362 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SOX-11 (MRQ-58) SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 11 88342 Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive disease and accounts for 5 to 10% of B-cell lymphomas. Distinction of MCL from its morphologic mimics is important for appropriate therapy and prognosis. CD5, CD10, CD23, and cyclin D1 have been used as major ma
2363 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SS18-SSX (E9X9V) Synovial sarcoma translocation, chromosome 18 fusion protein 88342 The SS18-SSX fusion proteins results from in-frame fusions of the SS18 gene on chromosome 18 with X chromosome genes SSX1, SSX2, and SSX4. Synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy with poor prognosis in which 95% harbor recurrent translocation of the
2364 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SSTR2A (UMB1) Somatostatin Receptor 2 88342 Expressed in many cell types, somatostatin receptor 2A (SSTR2A) is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. It also stimulates phosphotyrosine phosphatase and PLC via pertussis toxin insensitive as well as sensi
2365 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SSX (E5A2C) Synovial Sarcoma, X 88342 The SSX antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total SSX1-4 proteins and can detect the SS18-SSX fusion protein. SS18-SSX fusion proteins results from in-frame fusions of the SS18 gene on chromosome 18 with X chromosome genes SSX1, SSX2, and SSX4. Synov
2366 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM STAT6 (YE361) Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 88342 Differentiating solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) from other benign mesenchymal tumors is difficult. The recently discovered NAB2-STAT6 translocation is present in most cases of SFT and results in the expression of a fusion protein in which the repressor doma
2367 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM SV40 (Pab101) SV40 large T-antigen/Simian Virus 40/Anti-SV40 T Antigen 88342 Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PVAN) is an emerging disease in renal transplant patients with impaired T-cell immunity. BK virus (BKV) is the primary etiological agent, but JC virus (JCV) and possibly simian virus 40 (SV40) may account for some case
2368 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Synaptophysin (SYP/3551) SYP, MRX96, Major Synaptic Vesicle Protein P38 88342 Synaptophysin, a 38 kD glycoprotein, is the major integral membrane protein of synaptic vesicles. Major concentrations of the protein are found in the trans-Golgi region, in the presynaptic vesicles of neurons (brain, spinal cord, retina, neuromuscular ju
2369 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Syph (T.Pallidum) (P) SPIROCHETE, T. PALLIDUM 88342 Treponema pallidum (Spirochete) is the causative agent of syphilis. Treponema pallidum can now be successfully localized with immunohistochemical techniques in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Studies have shown this offers a substantial advantage
2370 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Tau (P) Tau protein 88342 Detection of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid pathology are required for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Both tangles and plaques may be detected by histochemical stains or by immunohistochemistry. Guidelines published by the National Institute
2371 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TCL-1A (1-21) T-cell leukemia/Lymphoma Protein 1A 88342 T-cell leukemia/Lymphoma Protein 1A (TCL1A), also known as p14TCL1 is a product of the TCL1 gene that is involved in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (TPLL). T-PLL is a rare form of mature T-cell leukemia, which is consistently associated with chromosomal r
2372 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TCR beta F1 (8A3) T Cell Receptor Beta Locus F1 88342 The T cell immune receptor consists of a heterodimer comprising the antigen recognition chains and the invariant CD3 complex. Approximately 85% of T cells contain the alpha/beta heterodimer, the other 15% bear the gamma/delta heterodimer. The γδ T-cells a
2373 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TCR delta (H-41) T cell antigen receptor δ 88342 Gamma-delta T-cells are a subset of CD3 positive CD4/CD8 negative T-cells with a relatively poorly understood function. While they mature in the thymus like their alpha-beta counterparts, they appear to recognize multiple antigens including self and non-
2374 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TdT (SEN28) Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase 88342 TdT is overexpressed in B- and T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemias (ALL) and in a subset acute myeloid leukemias (AML) including AML with minimal differentiation. About 90% of patients with ALL show variable levels of TdT expression as well as multiple iso
2375 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Thyroglobin (P) Tg 88342 This antibody labels thyroglobulin in thyroid tissue and is a useful aid for the classification of well differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a glycoprotein with a predominant form as a 660 kDa homodimer. Tg, the precursor of thyroid h
2376 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TIA (TIA-1) T cell intracytoplasmic antigen 88342 TIA-1 (T-cell intracytoplasmic antigen) monoclonal antibody reacts with a 15 kDa cytoplasmic granule-associated protein, expressed in lymphocytes processing cytolytic potential. The expression of TIA-1 was studied in CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphomas
2377 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TLE-1 (1F5) Transducin-like enhancer split-1 88342 Transducin-like enhancer of split 1 (TLE1) gene is a member of the TLE gene family and involved in control of hematopoiesis, neuronal, and terminal epithelial differentiation. By immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, TLE1 expr
2378 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Tpit (CL6251) TBX19, T-Box Transcription Factor 19 88342 Tpit (T-box family member TBX19) regulates the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) lineage giving origin to the corticotrophs within the pituitary gland. The nuclear expression of the pituitary specific transcription factors such as Tpit within pituitary tumors ce
2379 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Transthyretin (BSB-125) Prealbumin, TTR 88342 Transthyretin is used in the diagnosis amyloidosis, a progressive condition characterized by deposits of the protein amyloid in the body's organs and tissues. There are several types of systemic amyloidosis: primary (caused by monoclonal immunoglobulins);
2380 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TRPS1 (EP392) Transcriptional Repressor GATA Binding 1, LGCR 88342 The trichorhinophalangeal syndrome 1 (TRPS1) gene belongs to the GATA transcription factor family. It is a specific gene for breast carcinomas including ER/PR positive luminal A and B tyles, HER2-positive type, and basal-type TNBC. TRPS1 has no or little
2381 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Tryptase (AA1) TRYPTASE, MAST CELL 88342 Human mast cell tryptases (EC 3.4.21.59) comprise a family of trypsin-like neutral serine proteases that are predominantly expressed in mast cells. In its enzymatically active form, mast cell tryptase exists as a non-covalently linked tetramer of 132 kDa.
2382 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TSH (P) Thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotropin 88342 Anti-TSH is a useful marker in classification of pituitary tumors and the study of pituitary disease. It reacts with TSH-producing cells (thyrotrophs).
2383 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM TTF-1 (8G7G3/1) Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 88342 Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is a 38 kDa nuclear protein member of the family of homeodomain transcription factors. TTF-1 expression was originally demonstrated in follicular cells of the thyroid gland and subsequently found in the respiratory c
2384 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Tyrosinase (T311) TYR, OCAIA 88342 Patient tissues are stained using the same conditions that were used in the validation study. The specificity of the interaction between the primary antibody or the nucleic acid probes and their targets allows confident identification of the targets in th
2385 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM Vimentin (V9) VIM 88342 Vimentin reacts with the 57kD intermediate filament protein, vimentin. Vimentin is a single peptide that was initially isolated from chicken embryo fibroblasts. It is the major and usually only intermediate filament in a variety of non-muscle mesenchymal
2386 legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM legrosk 05/17/2024 03:40 PM WT1 (6F-H2) Wilms’ Tumor 1 88342 WT1 encodes a zinc finger transcription factor which encodes the early growth response (EGR-1) consensus sequence found in promoters of growth factor genes. WT1 is involved in the induction of Wilms’ tumor, a pediatric renal malignancy, and is normally e

Chromogenic in situ Hybridization (CISH)

Chromogenic in situ Hybridization (CISH)

Specimen Requirements

  • A formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue block, or
  • 5-6 positively charged unstained slides (4-5 microns)
wdt_ID TEST (CLONE, P - polyclonal) SYNONYMS CPT CODE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
9 ALBUMIN ALB, Serum Albumin 88365 Albumin messenger RNA (mRNA) expression is a marker of hepatocellular differentiation and utilized to aid in the diagnosis of hepatocellular neoplasms. Furthermore, albumin CISH can be useful to help establish the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and to distinguish between intrahepatic versus extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. The distinction between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma from extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and other metastatic adenocarcinomas is clinically important given the vastly different clinical implications of these diagnoses.
10 COV19 COVID-19 88365 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the novel coronavirus which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While much of the symptomatology of COVID-19 stems from infection of the respiratory system, other tissues may also be infected and the clinical importance in various tissues is currently unclear. Infection of the placenta by SARS-CoV-2 has been reported and some cases of COVID-19 placentitis have been associated with poor outcome. This assay uses RNA in situ hybridization for specific detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
11 DUAL K/L ISH Kappa/Lambda RISH DS 88366 During normal development, B-cells undergo recombination of their immunoglobulin heavy and light chain loci, producing an antigen-specific immunoglobulin molecule (1). Each B-cell expresses one of two immunoglobulin light chain constant region genes, either immunoglobulin kappa (IGK) or immunoglobulin lambda (IGL). Reactive lymphoid proliferations are typically oligoclonal or polyclonal responses with a mixture of Kappa- and Lambda-expressing B-cells. In contrast, B-cell neoplasms represent clonal expansions of a single clone, producing a proliferation of B-cells with identical immunoglobulin light chains (either Kappa or Lambda).
12 EBER Epstein–Barr virus-encoded small RNA 1, EBER1 88365 Histochemical stains demonstrate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in approximately 40% of all Hodgkin lymphomas, suggesting a role in tumorigenesis and the potential for EBV-targeted therapy. To call a Hodgkin case EBV-related, the EBER signal must be unequivocally present in Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin (RS/H) cells. EBV has also been linked to Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, more recently to peripheral T cell tumors and gastric cancer.
13 HPV HRx18 Human papilloma virus in situ hybridization for high risk subtypes 88365 There are more than 100 subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV). Of these, approximately fifteen are considered to have oncogenic potential, with types 16 and 18 being the most common. Studies have shown that approximately 5% of all cancers worldwide have been associated with these viruses. Importantly, the high risk (HR) types 16 and 18 are associated with 70% of cervical cancers, 85% of anal cancers, 50% of oropharyngeal cancers and 40% of vaginal and penile cancers. Low-risk (LR) HPV types, most common 6 and 11, are not associated with carcinomas, but are detected in condyloma acuminata. In these circumstances, detected HPV and accurately identifying the low/high risk type has diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic implications. This test uses in-situ hybridization techniques to detect E6/E7 HPV mRNA. This technique allows differentiation of type-specific E6/E7. The mixture of probes for HR HPV detects types 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, and 82. The LR HPV mixture detects types 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, and 44. Positive cells are characterized by dot-like cytoplasmic and/or nuclear brown precipitates.
14 HPV LRx6 Human papilloma virus in situ hybridization for low risk subtypes 88365 There are more than 100 subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV). Of these, approximately fifteen are considered to have oncogenic potential, with types 16 and 18 being the most common. Studies have shown that approximately 5% of all cancers worldwide have been associated with these viruses. Importantly, the high risk (HR) types 16 and 18 are associated with 70% of cervical cancers, 85% of anal cancers, 50% of oropharyngeal cancers and 40% of vaginal and penile cancers. Low-risk (LR) HPV types, most common 6 and 11, are not associated with carcinomas, but are detected in condyloma acuminata. In these circumstances, detected HPV and accurately identifying the low/high risk type has diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic implications. This test uses in-situ hybridization techniques to detect E6/E7 HPV mRNA. This technique allows differentiation of type-specific E6/E7. The mixture of probes for HR HPV detects types 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, and 82. The LR HPV mixture detects types 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, and 44. Positive cells are characterized by dot-like cytoplasmic and/or nuclear brown precipitates.
15 KAPPA Kappa immunoglobulin light chain 88365 B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (non-Hodgkin lymphomas and plasma cell myeloma) are clonal lymphoid expansions characterized by restricted immunoglobulin expression. Typically, only one immunoglobulin light chain, either kappa or lambda, is expressed by the neoplastic cells. Benign proliferations of B lymphocytes demonstrate a mixture of cells that express kappa and lambda Ig light chains. Restriction of Ig light chain expression can be measured in clinical material using techniques that measure the protein (flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry), or by measuring mRNA for the encoded light chain (in situ hybridization).
16 LAMBDA Lambda immunoglobulin light chain 88365 B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (non-Hodgkin lymphomas and plasma cell myeloma) are clonal lymphoid expansions characterized by restricted immunoglobulin expression. Typically, only one immunoglobulin light chain, either kappa or lambda, is expressed by the neoplastic cells. Benign proliferations of B lymphocytes demonstrate a mixture of cells that express kappa and lambda Ig light chains. Restriction of Ig light chain expression can be measured in clinical material using techniques that measure the protein (flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry), or by measuring mRNA for the encoded light chain (in situ hybridization).